Photoelectric Sensor Working Principle
The working principle of this photoelectric sensor is:
1. The transmitter is given an input voltage of about 200 V, then the main component of the transmitter, namely the incandescent lamp, will emit light with photon energy and a certain wavelength. Then the lens will focus the light so that the direction of the light is centric to the receiver.
2. When the object is not in the detection area, the light coming from the transmitter will be forwarded to the receiver. And first the light will hit the lens which will make the light focus on the sensor direction, namely the photo diode. And vice versa when the object is not in the detection area, the light will not reach the receiver.
3. The sensor circuit, namely a photo diode equipped with an inverting type operational amplifier, is given an input voltage of about 200 V, then current flows through the photo diode.
4. Then the output from the receiver will be received by the instrumentation amplifier. In this section there will be a gain of : A v = R 2 R 1 +1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Then the signal from the instrumentation amplifier is transmitted to the comparator section. Then the comparator will issue a low signal to the PLC if there are objects in the detection area, and will send a high signal to the PLC if there are no objects in the detection area.
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